2024年12月完成（补充提交）

2025-03-29 23:02:48 +08:00
commit 4e2bf47db0
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#include <map>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+
+#include "split.h"
+
+using std::cin;            using std::cout;
+using std::endl;           using std::getline;
+using std::istream;        using std::string;
+using std::vector;         using std::map;
+using std::set;
+
+// find all the lines that refer to each word in the input
+map<string, set<int> >
+	xref(istream& in,
+	     vector<string> find_words(const string&) = split)
+{
+	string line;
+	int line_number = 0;
+	map<string, set<int> > ret;
+
+	// read the next line
+	while (getline(in, line)) {
+		++line_number;
+
+		// break the input line into words
+		vector<string> words = find_words(line);
+
+		// remember that each word occurs on the current line
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+		for (std::vector<string>::const_iterator it = words.begin();
+#else
+		for (vector<string>::const_iterator it = words.begin();
+#endif
+		     it != words.end(); ++it)
+			ret[*it].insert(line_number);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	// call `xref' using `split' by default
+	map<string, set<int> > ret = xref(cin);
+
+	// write the results
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+	for (std::map<string, set<int> >::const_iterator it = ret.begin();
+#else
+	for (map<string, set<int> >::const_iterator it = ret.begin();
+#endif
+	     it != ret.end(); ++it) {
+		// write the word
+		cout << it->first << " occurs on line(s): ";
+
+		// followed by one or more line numbers
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+		std::set<int>::const_iterator line_it = it->second.begin();
+#else
+		set<int>::const_iterator line_it = it->second.begin();
+#endif
+		cout << *line_it;	// write the first line number
+
+		++line_it;
+		// write the rest of the line numbers, if any
+		while (line_it != it->second.end()) {
+			cout << ", " << *line_it;
+			++line_it;
+		}
+		// write a new line to separate each word from the next
+		cout << endl;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+#include <map>           // 引入映射容器库（map）用于存储每个单词与其出现行数的对应关系
+#include <iostream>      // 引入标准输入输出流库
+#include <string>        // 引入字符串库
+#include <vector>        // 引入动态数组（vector）容器库
+#include <set>           // 引入集合容器库（set）用于存储行号
+
+#include "split.h"       // 引入自定义头文件split.h，包含split函数的声明
+
+using std::cin;            // 引入标准输入流
+using std::cout;           // 引入标准输出流
+using std::endl;           // 引入换行符
+using std::getline;        // 引入getline函数，用于逐行读取输入
+using std::istream;        // 引入输入流类
+using std::string;         // 引入字符串类
+using std::vector;         // 引入动态数组类
+using std::map;            // 引入映射容器类
+using std::set;            // 引入集合容器类
+
+// xref 函数：查找每个单词在输入中出现的行号
+map<string, set<int> >
+xref(istream& in,               // 输入流（默认为cin）
+	vector<string> find_words(const string&) = split) // 使用split函数分割单词（默认）
+{
+	string line;                 // 用于存储每行的文本
+	int line_number = 0;         // 当前行号
+	map<string, set<int>> ret;   // 存储单词及其出现的行号，使用map<单词, set<行号>>结构
+
+	// 逐行读取输入
+	while (getline(in, line)) {
+		++line_number;  // 行号自增
+
+		// 将当前行拆分为单词（使用find_words函数，默认是split）
+		vector<string> words = find_words(line);
+
+		// 遍历当前行中的每个单词，将其对应的行号插入到map中
+		for (vector<string>::const_iterator it = words.begin(); it != words.end(); ++it)
+			ret[*it].insert(line_number);  // 将单词及其行号存入map
+	}
+	return ret;  // 返回map，包含每个单词及其出现的行号
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	// 调用xref函数，默认使用split函数进行单词拆分，输入来自cin
+	map<string, set<int>> ret = xref(cin);
+
+	// 输出结果：每个单词及其出现的行号
+	for (map<string, set<int>>::const_iterator it = ret.begin(); it != ret.end(); ++it) {
+		// 输出单词
+		cout << it->first << " occurs on line(s): ";
+
+		// 输出该单词出现的所有行号
+		set<int>::const_iterator line_it = it->second.begin();
+		cout << *line_it;    // 输出第一个行号
+
+		++line_it;
+		// 输出其余行号
+		while (line_it != it->second.end()) {
+			cout << ", " << *line_it;
+			++line_it;
+		}
+
+		// 输出换行符，以分隔每个单词的输出
+		cout << endl;
+	}
+
+	return 0;  // 程序结束
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <cctype>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "split.h"
+
+using std::vector;
+using std::string;
+
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+using std::isspace;
+#endif
+
+vector<string> split(const string& s)
+{
+	vector<string> ret;
+	typedef string::size_type string_size;
+	string_size i = 0;
+
+	// invariant: we have processed characters `['original value of `i', `i)'
+	while (i != s.size()) {
+		// ignore leading blanks
+		// invariant: characters in range `['original `i', current `i)' are all spaces
+		while (i != s.size() && isspace(s[i]))
+			++i;
+
+		// find end of next word
+		string_size j = i;
+		// invariant: none of the characters in range `['original `j', current `j)' is a space
+		while (j != s.size() && !isspace(s[j]))
+			++j;
+
+		// if we found some nonwhitespace characters
+		if (i != j) {
+			// copy from `s' starting at `i' and taking `j' `\-' `i' chars
+			ret.push_back(s.substr(i, j - i));
+			i = j;
+		}
+
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef GUARD_split_h
+#define GUARD_split_h
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+std::vector<std::string> split(const std::string&);
+
+#endif